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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク MicroRNA sequencing ： ウィキペディア英語版 MicroRNA sequencing MicroRNA sequencing (miRNA-seq), a type of RNA-Seq, is the use of next-generation sequencing or massively parallel high-throughput DNA sequencing to sequence microRNAs, also called miRNAs. miRNA-seq differs from other forms of RNA-seq in that input material is often enriched for small RNAs. miRNA-seq allows researchers to examine tissue-specific expression patterns, disease associations, and isoforms of miRNAs, and to discover previously uncharacterized miRNAs. Evidence that dysregulated miRNAs play a role in diseases such as cancer has positioned miRNA-seq to potentially become an important tool in the future for diagnostics and prognostics as costs continue to decrease.〔Sandhu, S., Garzon, R. Potential Applications of MicroRNAs in Cancer Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Treatment. Semin Oncol, 38, 781-787 (2011).〕 Like other miRNA profiling technologies, miRNA-Seq has both advantages (sequence-independence, coverage) and disadvantages (high cost, infrastructure requirements, run length, and potential artifacts).〔 ==Introduction== MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a family of small ribonucleic acids, 21-25 nucleotides in length, that modulate protein expression through transcript degradation, inhibition of translation, or sequestering transcripts. The first miRNA to be discovered, ''lin-4'', was found in a genetic mutagenesis screen to identify molecular elements controlling post-embryonic development of the nematode ''Caenorhabditis elegans''. The ''lin-4'' gene encoded a 22 nucleotide RNA with conserved complementary binding sites in the 3’-untranslated region of the ''lin-14'' mRNA transcript and downregulated LIN-14 protein expression. miRNAs are now thought to be involved in the regulation of many developmental and biological processes, including haematopoiesis (''miR-181'' in ''Mus musculus''), lipid metabolism (''miR-14'' in ''Drosophila melanogaster'') and neuronal development (''lsy-6'' in ''Caenorhabditis elegans'').〔 These discoveries necessitated development of techniques able to identify and characterize miRNAs, such as miRNA-seq. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「MicroRNA sequencing」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.